What is Ten Pin Bowling? The Rules of Ten Pin Bowling Explained.
Ten Pin Bowling:
"The object of the game is to knock down more pins than your opponent".
Ten Pin Bowling, is the most popular form of bowling worldwide and is played on a surface
known as a lane. The lanes are 60ft long and are 42 inches wide. If you bowl the ball wide of the lane, they land in the gutters and will be carried past the pins. The pins themselves are 15inches high and are arranged in a triangle formation. Each pin is designated a number.
The Rules of Ten Pin Bowling Explained.
A bowler uses a large heavy ball, and has up to a 15 ft approach to the foul line, which is the start of the lane. A game is divided into 10 frames. Each frame represents one turn for the bowler. In a turn the player is allowed to roll the ball up to two times. This means that you have two chances to knock down all 10 pins. If you fail to knock down all 10 pins with your two balls, this is known as an ‘open frame’ and this scores the exact number of pins that you knocked down. If you do knock down all 10 pins with two balls, this is known as a ‘spare’ – and this scores 10 plus the number of pins knocked down with the next ball.
For example, if you score a spare and then with the next ball score 9, the spare frame is 10+9, which is 19. And if you knock down all 10 pins with your first ball, this is known as a ‘strike’.
This scores 10, plus the number of pins you knock down with your next two balls.
For example, if you score a strike, and then follow it up with another two strikes, the first frame is scored as 10 + 10 + 10 = 30 points. Players generally alternate turns between frames, and once both bowlers have finished 10 frames each, the person with the highest score wins. Simple right? So why do they bowl the ball funny? The whole idea is to maximise your chance of getting strikes, by hitting a certain section of the pins. This section is known as ‘the pocket’ and this scientifically gives you the best chance of getting a strike. Therefore bowlers will try to curl or hook the ball into the pocket. The lanes have oil on them that gets dryer as you get closer to the pins.
So players take advantage of that by throwing the ball at an angle, with spin, in order to get the ball to hook into the pocket. They will use the triangular markers on the lanes to line up the ball at an angle so that the ball hooks where they want it to. That’s the bare basics of ten pin bowling, but there’s a few things you need to know before playing or watching a game.
The most common format is a single match, where one person plays against another person.
But there are also competitions for teams of 2,3 or 4 players to bowl against another team. There are separate contests for men and women, or a mixture of both.
Each lane is oiled differently, and depending on the pattern, this dictates whether the
ball will hook or not. This is known as the oil pattern, and it might be helpful to check the oil pattern of the lane you’re bowling on. In professional tournaments such as the PBA – they will add a blue dye to the oil so that players and spectators can see where the oil is, and where it’s running dry.
Foul
A player must not step or slide across the foul line when bowling a ball. Doing so will count as a ball, but will not score. The pins that are knocked down are replaced. Also, any pins that are knocked down by a ball in the gutter or by bouncing off the rear cushion don’t count either.
Split
This is where the first ball of a frame results
in two pins away from each other still standing. To knock both pins down with only one ball left in the frame, is difficult – This is known as a split. Difficult, but not impossible!In a game of bowling, the maximum you can score is 300 points.
This is done by rolling 12 strikes in a row. Why 12 strikes, instead of 10? Because, if a bowler gets a strike in the last frame, the score for that frame can't be recorded before rolling twice more. This is known as a ‘Perfect Game’ or a 300, and is the equivalent of a 147 Maximum Break in Snooker and a 9 Dart Finish in Darts. As you can tell, it’s not easy.
What is Beach Soccer? How to Play Beach Soccer? The Rules of Beach Soccer EXPLAINED!
Beach Soccer:
"The object of the game is for your team to score more goals than the opposing team".
Beach Soccer, also known as Beach Football is a variation of Association Football, and the general rules of the game apply here, but with some significant differences.
The Rules of Beach Soccer :
This variation is played with two teams of up to 12 players, with 5 players taking to the sand at any one time. This includes one goalkeeper and four outfield players. The game is played on a sand pitch that measures a maximum of 37m x 28m. Penalty areas are 9m in front of the goals, and the goals themselves are a lot smaller too, 5.5 metres wide and 2.2 metres high. To score a goal, you must put the ball into your opponent’s goal. For it to count, the whole of the ball must completely cross the goal line. In Beach Soccer, you are allowed to touch the ball with every part of your body except your arms. The main ways to move the ball is to kick the ball to a team mate which, is known as a pass. Or run with the ball whilst controlling it with your feet, known as dribbling.
Teams will usually orchestrate passes and dribbles so that they can score. The defending team will try and stop you by tackling. The can intercept passes, block shots or try and kick the ball away from you and move the ball in the other direction so that they can score themselves. A defender must be careful here, as if the referee decides that they made contact with the player without touching the ball, or made contact without trying to win ball, he can award a foul against them. Fouls, usually lead to free kicks and sometimes worse. The game is played in three 12 minutes periods, for a combined playing time of 36 minutes. Unlike normal football, the clock stops every time there is a stoppage of play. Highest score at the end of time, wins.
There are no draws in this game, so a three minute overtime period will be played to determine the winner. If scores are still tied after those three minutes, it goes to a penalty shootout. Beach soccer is a really simple to understand, but there’s a few other things you’ll need to know before playing or watching a game.
For example.
Fouls.
As mentioned earlier, a referee can award fouls for players who break the rules. Fouls usually lead to free kicks, but can also lead to a yellow card which is a warning to the player. This player then has to leave the field for two minutes whilst their team plays without them. You can also be shown a red card, where you are ejected from the game completely. The offending team may replace you, but only after two minutes.
Substitution.
There are unlimited substitutions in this game, and they can happen at any time. All substitutions must be made through the substitution areas on the side-lines.
Hand ball.
If you happen to touch the ball with an arm, forearm, elbow or hand, the referee will call ‘hand-ball’ against you, and possession of the ball is awarded to the other team. The goalkeeper is the only person allowed to handle the ball so long as he is in his own penalty area.
Penalty Kick
If a defender handles the ball in the penalty area, or brings down an attacker in the penalty area, the referee will award a penalty kick to the other team. The ball will be placed on the edge of the penalty area and an attacking player can try and score with one kick, against the goalie.
Direct Free Kick.
Usually awarded after a team has a foul, a player is allowed to strike the ball unopposed from the spot of the foul. This in effect is pretty much a penalty kick, from almost anywhere on the sand.
Throw in & Kick in.
If the ball leaves the area of play, the ball is awarded to the team who did not touch it last. Unlike normal football, you can elect to throw or kick the ball back into play.
Other differences.
Footwear is not allowed. You must play barefoot. There is no such thing as offside. and goalkeepers only have four seconds to play the ball.
What is Taekwondo Sports? The Rules of Taekwondo Explained.
Taekwondo
Taekwondo, sometimes referred to as ‘Olympic Taekwondo’, is a combat sport that is contested between two fighters, in a ring that measures 8m in diameter. The contest starts by bowing to the referee and bowing to your opponent. When the referee tells you to go, the fight begins.
The Rules of Taekwondo
The object of the game is to win a contest by either points or by knockout. To score these points, you must hit your opponent with force. Lightly tapping your opponent will not score. You must hit the coloured area of your opponents padding, either on the head, or the chest protector, known as the Hogu.
> Any punch to the torso, scores 1 point.
>Any straight kick to the torso scores 2 points.
>Any spinning or turning kick to the torso, scores 3 points.
>Any straight kick to the head scores 3 points.
>And, any spinning or turning kick to the head scores a maximum 4 points.
This is the highest scoring attack in Taekwondo. In Olympic Taekwondo, you are NOT allowed to punch to the face, and you will be penalised for doing so. If your opponent cannot continue the fight, either by injury, a referee stoppage, or by you knocking them unconscious – this is a knockout and the referee will stop the contest and award you the win. The fight is contested in three rounds of two minutes each, with a one minute break in between rounds.
Whoever knocks their opponent out first, or has the highest score at the end of time wins. That’s the bare basics of it all, but there’s a few other things you’ll need to know before playing or watching Taekwondo.
For example.
Penalties.
The only Penalty in Taekwondo is a Gam-Jeom. If a fighter breaks one of the rules and is issued a Gam-Jeom, this awards a point to your opponent.
Things you cannot do.
There’s lots of things you cannot do in Taekwondo. All of these are now punishable with a Gam Jeom penalty.
>You cannot cross the boundary of the ring.
>You cannot fall to the ground.
>You cannot avoid or delay the fight.
>You cannot grab or push your opponent.
>You cannot lift the leg to block, hold your leg in the air for longer than 3 seconds or kick below the waist.
>You cannot lift a leg and put it back down without attacking.
>You cannot headbutt or knee your opponent.
>You cannot attack a fighter if they’re on the floor, or if the referee pauses the fight.
And as previously mentioned, you cannot punch to the face. The referee will give this signal, to indicate that the fighter has given up one point. Also any inappropriate behaviour to any official, by the fighter or his coach, will also result in a Gam Jeom penalty.
Golden Point Round.
If scores are tied after three periods, an extra period of 1 minute will be played to determine the winner. This is known as the Golden Point Round and the first fighter to score a single point, wins. If scores are still tied after the Golden Point Round, judges will decide on the winner based on superiority. You can also win the Golden Point Round if your opponent picks up 2 Gam-Jeom penalties.
Point Gap.
If a fighter accrues a 20 point lead over their opponent by the end of the second round, or at any time in the third round, the referee will end the contest and automatically declare that fighter: the winner by point gap.
Punitive Declaration. If a fighter intentionally refuses to comply with the rules, or has amassed 10 Gam-Jeom penalties, the referee will end the contest immediately and declare the opponent the winner. It’s rare, but it happens.
What is Formula One 1 - F1? The Rules of Formula One 1 - F1 Explained.
Formula One (F1):
"The object of the race is to be the first to cross the finish line after completing a certain number of laps around a track".
Formula One , more commonly known as F1 is the most popular auto racing sport in the world, and is the highest level of single seat car racing. F1 is contested in a varying number of races throughout a calendar year, and each race is known as a Grand Prix. Drivers will drive a specially designed race car that is designed to go around a race track in as fast a time as possible.
The Rules of Formula One 1 - F1 Explained.
There are three parts to any race.
Practice:
Mostly held on a Friday, practice is where drivers can test their cars on the racetrack. This is valuable to determine how the car will run given the weather and environment and also to get the driver used to the track.
Qualifying:
To determine what position each driver starts in the race, each driver will complete laps of the track on their own. The fastest driver will start the race on the grid in the 1st position, the 2nd fastest in the 2nd position etc. until all the drivers are assigned a position to start the race. This is known as qualifying and is usually held on a Saturday, the day before the actual race.
The Race:
Once qualifying has determined the order where the drivers start, the actual race is usually held on a Sunday. Drivers will do one warm up lap and then line up in the position that they will start as determined by qualifying. Once all the lights go out, the race begins. Drivers have to complete a predetermined number of laps, for a total distance of 305km (or 260 km for Monaco) the driver who crosses the line first after all the laps have been completed wins. Drivers get points for the position that they finish, and the driver with the most points after all the grand prix’s have been contested is crowned the world champion. It’s honestly that simple, but there’s a few other things you’ll need to know about before going to or watching a race. For example.
Track Each:
Grand Prix track is totally different to another, and all of them are contested in a different country. This means that teams and drivers have to prepare and set up their cars for the environment. From the sweltering heat of Abu Dhabi, to the cold and rain of England, to the humid night race of Singapore, and the world’s most famous street race – Monaco. Drivers will usually memorise every turn for every track so that they perform better when they actually race.
Tires/Tyres:
Each team has access to different types of tires. The softer the tyre, the more grip you have, but the quicker they wear out. The harder to tyre, the longer they last but they have less grip. Depending the weather and track conditions determines which tyres the teams should use. Using the wrong tyre at the wrong time could cost you the race, and sometimes worse.
Pit Stop:
Cars are allowed to go back to their own team’s garage (or pit) to change their tyres or refuel. This is known as a pit stop and teams are so fast at changing 4 tyres and adding fuel that this can be done in about 3 seconds. A team is allowed as many pit stops as they like, but this adds time to your race and could cost you valuable positions.
Penalty:
Should you break one of the rules, a penalty may be issued against you depending on the severity of the rule you broke. This can either be imposed as time added to your total time to complete the race, known as a drive through penalty, docking you starting y positions on the grid to start the race, or more severe penalties such as penalising you for future races, or excluding you from any further grand prix’s.
Flags:
During a race, marshalls will use flags to indicate things to the drivers. I’m not going to cover single every flag, but the most common are:
Green Flag – This flag is used to start or restart a race.
Yellow Flag – This is to tell the driver to slow down due to a hazard or accident.
Red Flag – This is an instruction for the drivers to either stop or return to the pit lanes due to danger on the track.
Black Flag – This is a penalty issued to a driver who has broken the rules.
Blue Flag – This is an instruction to let the car behind overtake you.
Checkered Flag – This is the famous flag that denotes the end of a race.
Constructors Championship:
Constructors, or teams are allowed to field two drivers in a race. The points for every teams’ drivers are added up and the team with the most amount of points at the end of the season will win the Constructors Championship.
I could talk more about engines, chassis, ERS, DRS, aerodynamic body parts but these change almost every year and the points I’ve talked about are the most salient ones for a beginner to understand.
What is Netball Sport. The Rules of Netball Explained.
Netball Sport:
"The object of the game is for your team to score more goals than the opposing team". 7 players take to the court at any one time and to score these goals, you must shoot the ball into the net. The net is roughly 10ft above the ground and is on either side of a court that’s 100ft long by 50ft wide. These are the shooting circles which are a 16 ft radius, with the center circle 3 ft in diameter. The court is split up into thirds, and you’ll find out why shortly. Hang on a minute, this is just like basketball right? Nope, not at all.
The Rules of Netball Explained.
Netball is a completely different game with completely different rules. Firstly, not everyone can shoot the ball. Only the Goal Attack and Goal Shooter is allowed to shoot the ball into the net, and only if they’re inside the goal circle. Secondly, all players can hold onto the ball for a maximum of three seconds. Any more than this, and the other team is awarded the ball. Thirdly, to pass the ball between teammates, they must throw it at least three feet to another player. Failure to do this results in a short pass, and the other team is awarded the ball. Adversely, the ball cannot be passed long either, i.e. it cannot cross two transverse lines. This also results in the ball being awarded to the other team.
In netball the movement of a player with the ball is heavily restricted. Once the player has received the ball, the foot that the player first lands on is known as the landing foot. They cannot lift this foot off the ground, but may pivot on it whilst moving the other leg. Should a player lift a landing leg and put it back down, this is known as ‘footwork’ and the ball is awarded to the other team. The opponents will try and take the ball away from you by intercepting passes, blocking shots and retrieving loose balls. However, an opposing player cannot touch another player (known as contact) and must be at least three feet away from a player with possession the ball. Any closer, and they are called for obstruction. The other major difference between Netball and Basketball is that in Netball, players are assigned positions and can only move within certain areas of the court. The Goal Keeper can only move within the goal third they are defending. The Goal Defence can only move within the goal and middle thirds. The Wing Defence can also move within their own goal and middle thirds, but not in their own circle.
The Centre can move in all thirds except the goal circles. The Wing Attack can move in the center third and their opponents goal third, but not the circle. The Goal Attack can move within the center and their opponents goal third. And the Goal shooter can only move within the opposing goal third. The idea of the game is to pass the ball down the court without faulting and remember, only the Goal Attack and Goal shooter can score, and only within the shooting circle. The game is played in 4 x 15 minute quarters, for a combined playing time of 60 minutes. Highest score at the end of time, wins. If you’re a little lost, don’t worry about it – as you will pick this up easily. But there’s just a few things you’ll need to know about before playing or watching a game.
For example.
Throw in:
If the ball leaves the sides of the area of play, the ball is awarded to the team who did not touch it last.
Free Pass:
A free pass is awarded when a player breaks one of the rules. We’ve already mentioned some of the infractions that result in a free throw, but here’s the full list of them.
Free Pass or Shot:
For major infringements such as contact or obstruction, a free pass or shot is awarded to the opposing player. The offending player must stand aside and play no part when the opponent releases the ball.
50/50:
If both players are at fault, or if the referee is not sure who committed the fault, this is known as 50/50, and it results in a toss-up between the two offending (or nearest) players. This is also when two opposing players catch the ball simultaneously.
Toss up.:
If a 50/50 is called, the two offending (or nearest) players stand three meters apart from each other. The referee will throw the ball in the air between them and once it has left their hands, the ball is up for grabs by either player.
Offside:
If a position player moves into an area that they’re not supposed to be in, this is offside and the ball is awarded to the other team. Complicated? Yes, but as you watch or play Netball, the rules will become clear.
What is Quidditch? The Rules of Quidditch Explained.
"The object of the game is to score more points than the opposing team".
Quidditch:
Quidditch is a new sport loosely based from the Harry Potter books, that has become popular worldwide. The field of play is roughly 60 yards long and 36 yards wide, with 3 hoops situated at each end of the field. Teams must have a minimum of 7 players, with 6 players taking to field at the start of the game. They consists of 3 chasers (wearing white headbands), 2 beaters (wearing black headbands) and 1 keeper wearing a green headband. They also have a seeker wearing a yellow headband who isn’t active until the 18th minute.
The Rules of Quidditch:
When a player is actively playing on the field, they MUST run with a broom between their legs. The chasers on each team will try and get the Quaffle, which is similar to a volleyball. To score points, you must throw the Quaffle through one the opposing team’s hoops. You are allowed to run with ball, pass it to a teammate, or kick it in any direction. Chasers can throw Quaffle through any hoop, and in any direction. If you successfully throw the ball through the hoop, this scores 10 points. There is only one Quaffle on the field, and it’s predominantly the job of chasers to try & score points. The keeper can also score points just like a chaser, but their main job is to defend their own hoops.
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The keeper is the only player who is immune from being tackled so long as they are standing in their own goal area. Opposing chasers and keepers can try and stop Quaffle carrier by tackling. Just like in Rugby, a player can grab below the shoulders and pull them to the ground. You can also bump, block and distract the Quaffle carrier from the front. The job of the Beaters is to knock out opposing players by throwing a Bludger at them.
A bludger is a solid coloured dodgeball and there are three of them in play at all times. If they hit an opposing player with a bludger, that player MUST drop any ball they are carrying, dismount their brooms, and run back and touch their hoops in order to be eligible to play again. This is known as ‘dismounting’ or ‘knocking out’ a player. Beaters are not allowed to touch or interfere with the Quaffle in anyway shape or form. And chasers and keepers cannot play with bludgers. At the 17th minute, a snitch runner (dressed in yellow) is introduced into the game. The snitch runner is neutral person, independent from either team. They will be tagged with a snitch – which is a ball in a yellow sock. Their job is to avoid capture for as long as humanly possible. Because at the 18th minute the seekers of each team are eligible to play.
The seekers job is to catch the snitch, and when one of them has possession of the snitch, this awards their team 30 points and the game ends there. Highest score when the snitch is caught wins. If the game ends in a tie, (depending on your governing body), extra periods may be played to determine the winner. That’s a lot to take in, but there’s a few other things you’ll need to know before playing or watching Quidditch.
For example.
Substitution:
There are unlimited substitutions in Quidditch and a team may have up to 14 substitutes on the bench. To do this, an active player (who hasn’t been knocked out) must leave the field on play before a substitute can come on. Players can also switch roles during play by exchanging headbands, but they must both be active to do so.
Gender:
A Team must have a maximum of 4 players that identify as the same gender. This number increases to 5 once the seekers enter the game. This makes Quidditch one of the few sports that is both co-ed and allows the participation of players who do not identify with the binary gender system.
Foul:
Fouls occur when players do things that are against the rules of the game. Players who commit fouls face different consequences depending on the severity. A back to hoops foul indicates that a player must stop and return to their hoops, as though they have been knocked out. A yellow card indicates that a player must spend one minute in the penalty box, with their team playing short-handed. And a red card indicates that a player is ejected from the game. Two yellow cards equals one red card. Some organisations use a blue card, which is similar to a yellow card but two blue cards do not equal a red.
Advantage:
If the referee thinks that stopping play due to a foul would provide an unfair advantage to the offending team, the referee may call advantage by raising one hand straight into the air. This lets the play resume as normal with no foul being called.
Speaking Captain:
A team must designate one person to be the captain, or speaking captain of the team. They are the only player from a team that is allowed to speak to the referee. If decisions need to be made pertaining to disputed fouls, substitutions and which player serves time in the penalty box for multiple infractions, the speaking captain makes the decision.
